{"id":6641,"date":"2026-01-20T17:47:51","date_gmt":"2026-01-20T09:47:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.chinanhd.com\/?p=6641"},"modified":"2026-01-22T17:51:43","modified_gmt":"2026-01-22T09:51:43","slug":"how-can-critical-minerals-value-chains-become-fair-without-losing-industrial-efficiency","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.chinanhd.com\/vi\/how-can-critical-minerals-value-chains-become-fair-without-losing-industrial-efficiency\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"L\u00e0m<\/h1>\n

 <\/p>\n

L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o <\/strong>C<\/strong>m\u1ed9t <\/strong>T\u00f4i<\/strong>c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p <\/strong>P<\/strong>x\u1eed l\u00fd <\/strong>S<\/strong>h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng <\/strong>E<\/strong>nable <\/strong>F<\/strong>kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed <\/strong>V<\/strong>alue <\/strong>D<\/strong>ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i trong <\/strong>C<\/strong>Ritical <\/strong>M<\/strong>kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c <\/strong>C<\/strong>Hats?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u1eeb an ninh cung c\u1ea5p sang ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a UNCTAD nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t, m\u00e0 b\u1edfi c\u00e1ch gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft d\u1ecdc theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong luy\u1ec7n kim, ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, khung n\u00e0y ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7t ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n - c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng trong chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh. N\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u1edf l\u1ea1i n\u01a1i t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd. N\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung, t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a, th\u00ec v\u1ed1n, k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u0169ng di chuy\u1ec3n ra ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ngh\u1ecb s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a UNCTAD t\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. Thay v\u00ec tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb, n\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0u t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u1eabn thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t \u00edt gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n quan tr\u1ecdng?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

S\u1ef1 ki\u00ean tr\u00ec c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ea5p \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c gi\u00e0u kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ecbch l\u00fd khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t \u1ed1ng k\u00ednh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch khai th\u00e1c m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00f4ng qua chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u d\u1ecdc theo chu\u1ed7i x\u1eed l\u00fd?<\/b><\/strong><\/h3>\n

R\u00f2 r\u1ec9 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 tinh ch\u1ebf. Qu\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00e1ch tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. B\u00f9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t r\u1eafn-l\u1ecfng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m trung gian r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi khu v\u1ef1c m\u1ed9t khi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed1n \u0111a v\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n

UNCTAD nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \"kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch n\u1eafm b\u1eaft gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb\", nh\u01b0ng trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 m\u1ecfng manh c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh. Khi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u1ecdc b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7. Khi h\u00e0nh vi b\u00f9n kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c th\u00edch xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t trung gian thay v\u00ec r\u1ee7i ro th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i h\u1ea1 l\u01b0u. Theo th\u1eddi gian, nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, kh\u00f3a c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c gi\u00e0u t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0o c\u00e1c vai tr\u00f2 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u.<\/p>\n

X\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t luy\u1ec7n kim?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Quy m\u00f4 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e1ch v\u00e0 l\u1ecdc x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ranh gi\u1edbi x\u1eed l\u00fd nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/b><\/strong><\/h3>\n

T\u00e1ch r\u1eafn-l\u1ecfng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m b\u00e1nh, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh chu k\u1ef3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ranh gi\u1edbi kinh t\u1ebf gi\u1eefa x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u.<\/p>\n

Trong nhi\u1ec1u tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng luy\u1ec7n kim \u01b0\u1edbt - phosphate, alumina, niken lateritic ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm - l\u1ecdc \u00e1p su\u1ea5t tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u01b0\u1edbc quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. B\u00f9n r\u1eafn cao v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc hung h\u0103ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n can thi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean. Khi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft thay v\u00ec ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i m\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>B\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc \u00e1p su\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ecdc<\/b><\/u><\/strong><\/a>\u00a0minh h\u1ecda c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0103n m\u00f2n cao, c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady cho ph\u00e9p kh\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u1ea1 l\u01b0u nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n, s\u1ef1 li\u00ean quan kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh m\u00e1y, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 ranh gi\u1edbi n\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i - l\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

\"B\u1ed9<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 khu\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c b\u00f9n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u1ea1 l\u01b0u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

M\u1ed9t khi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp theo th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean l\u01b0u trong ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tr\u1ed9n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao tr\u1ed9n k\u00e9m l\u1eb7ng l\u1ebd l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 r\u1ec9 r\u1ec9?<\/b><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng luy\u1ec7n kim c\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00f3a hay kh\u00f4ng. Trong vi\u1ec7c r\u1eeda, s\u1ef1 treo kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e2n l\u1edbp, ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i dao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Trong l\u1ee3i \u00edch, \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c b\u00f9n kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0m t\u0103ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m t\u00ednh ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y hi\u1ebfm khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f4 l\u1eadp, nh\u01b0ng theo th\u1eddi gian, ch\u00fang l\u00e0m x\u00f3i m\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh. Khi ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7, gi\u1ea3m th\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u01b0 M\u00e1y khu\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9ng cho ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch kh\u00f4ng s\u1eaft <\/b><\/u><\/strong><\/a>gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u1edf c\u1ea5p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn, h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t v\u00e0 quy m\u00f4 b\u1ec3 v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh vi b\u00f9n, k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n l\u00e0 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, cho ph\u00e9p ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c luy\u1ec7n kim v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch l\u0169y t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng thay v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u00ea ngo\u00e0i h\u1ea1 l\u01b0u.<\/p>\n

\"M\u00e1y<\/p>\n

Lo\u1ea1i n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0o th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

UNCTAD x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng xung quanh b\u1ed1n tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t: c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. T\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u00e0 ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch<\/b><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Kh\u00edch l\u1ec7 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu h\u00fat c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt duy tr\u00ec ch\u00fang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh duy tr\u00ec ch\u00fang. Khung th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba h\u00f3a, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec, s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea1i b\u1edfi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i, quy tr\u00ecnh quy m\u00f4 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u01b0u ti\u00ean kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i h\u01a1n th\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

Theo ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y, c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u00edch l\u0169y.<\/p>\n

NHD l\u00e0 ai v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a UNCTAD?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt trong kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n quan tr\u1ecdng, b\u1ea1n hi\u1ebfm khi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 m\u1edbi m\u1ebb. B\u1ea1n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng - c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n giao li\u00ean ng\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

NHD <\/b><\/u><\/strong><\/a>\u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho lo\u1ea1i qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y. Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 luy\u1ec7n kim trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u01b0\u1edbt, c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i bao g\u1ed3m l\u1ecdc, k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng, l\u00e0m d\u00e0y, b\u00ecnh \u00e1p su\u1ea5t tr\u00ean h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ed1t phat, nh\u00f4m, luy\u1ec7n kim phi s\u1eaft, v.v.. \u0110i\u1ec1u ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n trong m\u1ed9t kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n duy nh\u1ea5t, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 R & D n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i; D c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t, s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i quy tr\u00ecnh t\u00edch l\u0169y h\u01a1n l\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f4 l\u1eadp. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y quan tr\u1ecdng b\u1edfi v\u00ec chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n giao, \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec - kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t minh cho m\u1ed7i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u, l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u cho ph\u00e9p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00fang v\u00e0o n\u01a1i ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean. V\u00ec v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 <\/b><\/u><\/strong><\/a>ch\u00fang t\u00f4i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch truy c\u1eadp trang web ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n n\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o khi nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng n\u1eb1m \u1edf nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh c\u00e1c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0o quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c?<\/b><\/strong><\/h3>\n

Khi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n quan tr\u1ecdng, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u \u00edt th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea5t. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean h\u1ecfi:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n
  • N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ee9c \u0103n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c?<\/li>\n
  • N\u00f3 s\u1ebd cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u1ea1 l\u01b0u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u1ea3ng l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a UNCTAD v\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb cho ph\u00e9p li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp cho ph\u00e9p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t cho ph\u00e9p gi\u1eef gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    Q: T\u1ea1i sao UNCTAD nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng thay v\u00ec s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng khai th\u00e1c m\u1ecf?<\/strong>
    \nA: B\u1edfi v\u00ec s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng khai th\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. X\u1eed l\u00fd nh\u00fang c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng, c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

    Q: X\u1eed l\u00fd kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong>
    \nA: V\u00e2ng, c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n h\u01a1n l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec9nh cao.<\/p>\n

    Q: L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng trong chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n?<\/strong>
    \nA: Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u01a1i x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i. Khi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cho ph\u00e9p chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e2u h\u01a1n, s\u1ef1 thu th\u1eadp gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac thay v\u00ec theo bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb cho ph\u00e9p duy tr\u00ec gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6649,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[36],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6641","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-industry-news"],"acf":{"photo_gallery":{"\u6848\u4f8b\u753b\u5eca":[[]]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chinanhd.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6641","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chinanhd.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chinanhd.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chinanhd.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chinanhd.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6641"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.chinanhd.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6641\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6651,"href":"https:\/\/www.chinanhd.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6641\/revisions\/6651"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chinanhd.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6649"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chinanhd.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6641"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chinanhd.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6641"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chinanhd.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6641"}],"curies":[{"name":"WP","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}